Created: Jan 05, 2007
Updated: Aug 05, 2007
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International Debt

359047222_c185b2deee_m International Debt is incurred when a nation's government creates a deficit by spending more than it receives in revenue from taxes, etc. These annual deficits add up, forming the country's debt load. Debt can be issued in the form of government bonds, treasury bills, and, in the case of many developing countries, IMF or World Bank loans. Due to the sheer size of many debts, combined with compounding interest charges, most countries have little hope of ever climbing out of debt. Money that could be spent on health care, education, infrastructure, and development projects is spent instead paying the interest on national debt. A movement to forgive debts to poor countries is becoming very popular. Unfortunately, sometimes debt forgiveness has strings attached (e.g. fiscal policies to lower inflation, cut imports, raise exports, cut government spending), which can increase citizen suffering and backfire, thereby reducing government legitimacy and stability. Debt-for-nature swaps are one tool used by NGOs to reduce international debt and help save a nation's biodiversity heritage.

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Did You Know?


Unpayable debt is a term used to describe external debt where the interest on the debt exceeds the amount that the country produces, thus preventing the debt ever being paid back. It is considered by some a method of oppression or control by first world countries; a form of debt bondage on the scale of nations.

Tags/Keywords

Debt instrument, debt retirement, debt service, debtor nation, balance of payments, interest, principal, ability to pay, structural adjustment, external public debt, current account deficit, bank reserves, debt-for-nature swaps, International Monetary Fund, IMF, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IRBD aka World Bank), current account deficit, debt forgiveness

Featured Resources

Tn_301249781_7c003c6182_mHow Structural Adjustment Destroys the Environment "One major goal of structural adjustment programs (SAPs) and stabilization programs is to generate foreign exchange through a positive trade balance."


Med_138293177_e9b1a562cd_tHow International Monetary Fund (IMF)/World Bank Structural Adjustment Programs Have Increased Poverty Around the World "Structural adjustment -- the standard IMF/World Bank policy package which calls for slashing government spending, privatization, and opening up countries to exploitative foreign investment, among other measures -- has deepened poverty around the world."

Featured Organizations

Border Trade Alliance provides border communities – north and south – a voice before our NAFTA governments. Whether we're meeting with a Member of Congress, hosting an international conference or providing congressional testimony, our organization is representing the interests of those who live and work along the U.S-Canada and U.S.-Mexico borders, as well as the trade communities of all three nations

Center for Research on Globalization based in Montreal publishes news articles, commentary, background research and analysis on a broad range of issues, focussing on social, economic, strategic, geopolitical and environmental processes.

Quote

"Debt is such a powerful tool, it is such a useful tool, it's much better than colonialism ever was because you can keep control without having an army, without having a whole administration. "

Susan George


World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2007 - Delivering on the Promise of Africa


Live 8 - One Year Later




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